Have to is often grouped with modal auxiliary verbs for convenience, but in fact it is not a modal verb. It is not even an auxiliary verb. In the have to structure, "have" is a main verb. In general, have to expresses impersonal obligation. The subject of have to is obliged or forced to act by a separate, external power for example, the Law or school rules. Have to is objective. Look at these examples:. In each of the above cases, the obligation is not the subject's opinion or idea.

The obligation comes from outside. We can use have to in all tenses , and also with modal auxiliaries. We conjugate it just like any other main verb. The researchers have parsed the whole of Wiktionary and other sources, and compiled everything into a single unified resource.

I simply extracted the Wiktionary entries and threw them into this interface! So it took a little more work than expected, but I'm happy I kept at it after the first couple of blunders. Special thanks to the contributors of the open-source code that was used in this project: the UBY project mentioned above , mongodb and express. They should arrive at one o'clock.

Words nearby must Mussolini , Mussolini, Benito , Mussorgsky , Mussulman , mussy , must , mustache , mustache cup , mustachio , mustachioed , Mustafa Kemal. Origin of must 3 First recorded in —; back formation from musty 1. Origin of must 4 First recorded in —90; earlier moist, from Middle French must, variant of musc; see origin at musk.

Words related to must precondition , prerequisite , requisite , charge , commitment , committal , condition , devoir , duty , fundamental , imperative , must-have , necessary , need , obligation , requirement , right , have , ought , sine qua non.

How to use must in a sentence Ohio is a must -win swing state for Republicans if they are to reclaim the White House.

Punch's Almanack for Various. The Limit Ada Leverson. There is no past tense, but had to is used for saying that something was necessary in the past: We had to show our passports.

Must have followed by a past participle can be used for saying that you believe something happened in the past: They must have missed the train. When indirect speech is introduced by a verb in the past tense, must can be used as a past tense: She said that I must come immediately.

For saying that something will be necessary in the future will have to can be used: Graham will have to sleep on the sofa. Synonyms and related words. Modal verbs. Ways of making a suggestion. I have to pay off my debts. Open Dictionary — December See also.

Close menu. Pyramid These classic spikes can be used for track and cross country and perform well on grass and rubber. Christmas Tree The staggered design helps prevent the spikes from sticking into the track as much.

A breathable upper keeps the air circulating. And lightweight laces and a thin tongue help keep the spike feeling nimble. If you want a responsive, super lightweight shoe, maybe look elsewhere. The lightweight Brooks Mach 19 combines an aggressive spike plate with a molded upper for a super-fast XC shoe.

The compression-molded EVA midsole provides nice cushioning among the otherwise minimal spikes. The new and improved sock-like design provides a secure, but comfortable fit. The breathable mesh upper features enhanced microfiber for better internal support and a snug fit. Experience greater traction and grip through the aggressive lug pattern combined with the 6-plate spike pins. The plastic outsole provides excellent traction on dirt, grass, and composite tracks.

There are a couple major differences between track spikes and cross country spikes. While both have spike implements that screw into the bottom of the shoe, the differences stop there. Track spikes have plastic-bottom outer soles also known as the spike plate.

In contrast, cross country spikes have more rubber for some added cushioning. There is also an emphasis on weight reduction on track spikes. While cross country spikes are light, they are nowhere near as light as track spikes.

Track spikes come in different versions depending on event. There are spikes for sprinting , spikes for middle distances, and spikes for the mile or longer events. Sprint spikes have an aggressive spike plate and are very stiff. Long distance spikes are light but have minimal cushioning and a thin upper. Middle distance spikes are a tad stiffer with a bit more cushioning. There is one basic style of cross country spike.

They have a more cushioned outer sole with added traction for better grip on dirt and grass. The upper is more substantial than a track spike. This allows them to better withstand dirt, rocks, and sticks encountered during a meet. Most runners only wear cross country spikes for meets. But otherwise only wear them during meets. Use a good pair of trainers for practice. The first benefit comes from added traction from the spike implements themselves.

These, plus the rubber traction built into the shoes, help you power through turns on grass and dirt. The extra traction is also a huge benefit when running up steep grass and dirt hills. Second, the lighter weight of the spikes provides a boost when you run. Some of this may be a mental trick.

The same traction benefits you on steep hills. The lightweight of a spike — as we discussed — may make you run faster. Or it might just make you feel like you can run faster. Cross country spikes function the same. Different prices come from the weight and comfort of the spike. Lighter, more minimal spikes cost more than heavier, beginner spikes. High-end spikes might also feature an enhanced upper with bootie-designed heel collars. These can help keep out debris from getting inside the spike. But they are more for fashion than function.

The most expensive spikes may not be the best spike for you. If you are new to cross country, the entry-level spikes are more cushioned and fit comfortably. Top-end spikes are much lighter, but not as pleasant to wear. Beginner spikes do a better job at bridging the gap between a spike and a good trainer. But without the discomfort of a high-end spike. Cross country spikes should fit snug. They should feel like an extension of your feet. The narrow last also helps cut down on weight. Cross-country spikes are not necessarily needed for every runner on every cross-country course.

The muddier or more hills the course has the greater necessity for cross-country and longer spikes. Track spikes are shorter than cross-country spikes and have more regulations regarding what can be used at each track. Using longer spikes on a track surface will tear the surface and ruin the track. Cross-country spikes are made to gain traction on high grass and through the mud, so spikes generally are longer.

Many cross-country runners use their cross-country spikes on the track for longer races, such as the 3, m to 10, m races. More of an arc in the toe is needed on anything under 3, meters, as is less heel support.

Unlike training shoes, which need replacing every few hundred miles, cross country spikes should last you at least two seasons. So, read on to learn why. In general, cross country spikes offer more cushioning and tread than track spikes since they're designed for racing on uneven terrain. Mostly because terrain determines footwear and, as you already know, no two spikes are created alike.

So, if you tend to race in a wet climate on steep cross country courses that may have water crossings, be sure to take home a spike with aggressive traction. Or, if you live in a flat, arid climate and tend to run races along mostly crushed gravel trails, you may not even need a spike at all. A cross-country racing flat a racing shoe without the spike pin might just be your jam. So, pay attention to where you train and race, and match your footwear accordingly.

Electricity supplies worldwide can vary from anything between V and V. It can be extremely dangerous to use an electrical appliance that is rated at a voltage different from the supply. As voltage can differ from country to country, you may need to use a voltage converter or transformer whilst in Singapore. If the frequency is different, the normal operation of an electrical appliance may also be affected.

For example, a 50Hz clock may run faster on a 60Hz electricity supply. Most voltage converters and transformers come supplied with plug adaptors, so you may not need to buy a separate travel adaptor. This means that you will not need a converter or transformer but just a travel adaptor, because Singapore operates on a V supply voltage, which is within the V range that the dual voltage appliance operates on.

In Singapore the supply voltage is V. Official website links end with. Consumers Choose safer products Product safety tips Product safety alerts and recalls International product recalls.

Suppliers Overview Supplying controlled goods Supplying consumer goods. About Overview FAQ. Contact Us. Type of Mains Plugs Suitable for use in Singapore. If you want a report for other countries, re-start the wizard to find to electric adapters for your trip here.

If you are electrical savvy, perhaps the previous chart is all you need. If this is not the case, you can continue reading and discover what the chart is saying! This is very good! You will not need any sort of voltage adapter they are always big, heavy and they can't handle too much energy. You can plug your devices to the electric network grid in Singapore without requiring a voltage adapter. Sorry, none of the plugs used in both countries are common.

Satire is unforgiving; realism is all-forgiving; and David Williamson has always attempted to merge the two, portraying people as wicked but pardonable. The more you get to know the baseness of the motives of each character, the more empathy you are intended to feel for them, as you come to realise that all people, even ourselves, despite all actions, generally mean well.

Before the end of the book, Huck now understands regardless of how bad somebody is their life is still of worth. This shows how mature he can really be because somebody that was immature would rather want somebody to get what they deserve than looking at what their life is worth.

As the experiment began to take effect, Charlie began to become more intelligent. He also became self absorbed, arrogant, and antisocial. The Great Gatsby by F.

Scott Fitzgerald is an appropriate title for the novel because Gatsby himself is great. And as the critic Matthew J. Kissing Cunegonde ultimately gets Candide banished from his town and sold into an army, where he is beat on several occasions. Throughout his adventures, he witnesses many travesties and sufferings. Pangloss teaches Candide that everything happens for a reason. Voltaire uses satire, irony and extreme exaggerations to poke fun at many aspects; such as optimism, religion, corruption, and social structures within Europe.

Candide begins to realize that life is not always as it seems. The most prevalent use of satire is demonstrated by Pangloss, the optimist. Candide and his tutor are a perfect example of blissful ignorance. Candide, being very young and moldable, believed that Pangloss was the most insightful and intelligent philosopher in the world, but his faith in his mentor is tested throughout the story. Voltaire leaves no stone unturned in the harsh portrayal of the Church, nobility, Jews, soldiers, and especially intellectuals.

The Jews are depicted as slavers. In Holland, men who propagate charity and sympathy attack, Candide, for not announcing the Pope as Antichrist. The Jesuits are obliquely presented as such huge opponents of the Americas that Candide is released by the cannibals merely for not being a Jesuit himself. Through the novel, Voltaire ridicules the behavior of people in medieval times by the amplification of the brutality of man in an amusing manner. Candide is an outrageously comical, fanciful account by Voltaire satirizing the philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment, which refers to an extensive range of thoughts and progress in the domains of philosophy, science, and medicine.

Voltaire, a philosopher of the Enlightenment himself, effectively exploits Candide as a platform to condemn the absolute hopefulness of his associates. He uses satire all through the story as a means of drawing attention to unfairness, unkindness, and prejudice, thus exhibiting his serious intention at the back of the hilarity in Candide. Aldridge Bell, Ian A. Mason, Hayden. The two leave with Eldoradan sheep, each heaped to excess with riches. Most of the sheep are lost through various misadventures, so Candide has no more proof of utopia than does any traveler who claims to have seen paradise.

And Pangloss, of course, is just as annoying to the reader as ever, but Candide is happy to see him and to find him well. The little troupe of characters settles on a farm, where everyone does work to which he or she is suited, and life goes on.

Here are the final lines of the novel:. Is this a form of disruption, where the laugh of superiority that has propelled us through this novel is challenged by an ending that evokes exactly the kind of utopian imaginings we find in the real-world utopian communities of Transcendentalist America? We need to ponder over this question.

Candide and his servant leave Eldorado because he thinks having access to all the gold in the world is meaningless unless he can show it to the people back in Europe. Candide and his servant leave with Eldoradan sheep, each heaped to excess with riches.

Voltaire wrote Candide in order to satirize the then-popular philosophy of optimism. By Pamela Bedore, Ph. Voltaire wrote Candide in to satirize the then-popular philosophy of optimism. The Main Characters in Candide Candide, the protagonist, is a young man who lives in Germany on the estate of Baron Thunder-ten-tronckh, a relative from what we might call, in French, the wrong side of the sheets.

We were super stoked when Jason Momoa Game of Thrones stopped in at our Santa Monica location recently for some shopping. Hell Yeah! He also scored some King Baby Eyewear to sport at his upcoming nuptials! Thanks for the visit Matt! A ll of us at King Baby are excited to announce that our new line is officially on the King Baby Website. Each individual piece is hand crafted right here at our Santa Monica studio. We use rare and worldy materials ranging from fossilized Ivory, Jet Petrified wood , ancient Byzantine crosses and hand carved Brazilian quartz making each piece unique and in limited supply.

Check out the collection today at Kingbabystudio. Our handmade pieces are such a personal touch for the ones you love. Each piece takes on a different persona for the person who wears it, bringing a very unique quality to our works of art. We are inspired by many different materials, including pearls , silver, gold, diamonds, and CZ. We incorporate the most beautiful parts of each to personalize our work for you and the people you love. To read more about his new band and the new album pick up a copy of Guitar Magazine.

Also, be sure to check out www. As you have probably heard, Mr. When we got the call to supply Mr. Cruise with some KICK ASS jewelry to make his transistion believable we scrached our heads as many of you have done, wondering if we could really pull this off and better yet if HE could pull this off. Check out the spread below and tell us what you think. By now many have been sold again, so they could be anywhere in the world.

Question from Jordan: What goes through your head right before you walk on stage in front of thousands of people? I am full of nervous energy. Question from Ray: What was the first gig you ever played where you got paid Do you remember any of the songs?

When SLASH was recovering from pneumonia, he decided that answering some more fan questions was a good way to stay in touch with fans. These are printed in the Current Events section then archived here. Does it make a difference in your guitar playing when you work with a different singer, or do you just come up with the riffs and have him sing over them without your altering them?

Why is there no publicity of Snakepit? Is that a personal thing? I know that publicity depends on management and the record company, but here in Europe I've talked to some friends about it, and they all have bought the album. They think Rod is fantastic, and they are waiting to see the band rockin'. Thankx J. But I will remind them for sure. We have heard similar complaints from other countries.

Come on, Koch Records! Levi, if you would send your mailing address to webmaster snakepit. Next time, a fan asks about playing for singers with different styles. We'll move them when we finish this first set of five. This question comes from Clint Roberts. Clint, if you're out there, please send your mailing address to webmaster snakepit.

It's not too late to send questions in! Clint asks, "I have always wondered out of all the songs you have written, past and present, which one or ones are you most proud of?

SLASH replies, "I'm really proud of almost everything that I have recorded, in some way, shape or form - whether I wrote or made a guest appearance - if it is cool enough to immortalize the song, you have to be proud of it. The first question is made up of 3 questions that had to do with beginning guitarists.

Do you recommend playing by ear or trying to learn all the scales and other beginner's techniques? How do you learn to improvise? What advice would you give to young aspiring musicians with regard to the business side of the music industry? SLASH replies: The only real advice I can give to a beginning guitarist is pick up on everything: reading, writing, learning from records.

Watching other guitarists play live is also a good way to learn. Whatever catches your ear and everything in between Establish an idea of what you would like to hear yourself playing, and follow that concept.

Try to learn bits and pieces of music you like amidst compositions that you don't necessarily like in their whole form. In short, be yourself. Do everything you can to establish that while digesting everything else around you. You know, right at the right kind of time. Connan in France asks, "There are thousands of people who have learned to play the guitar thanks to you and who now dream of playing a song with you.

Do you remember and how did you feel when you first played with Joe Perry? Were you totally flipped out and were you proud of yourself? Do you realize today that a lot of young but good guitarists would like to jam with you? Do you realize their dream sometimes? We played "Train Kept-A-Rollin' ". It was hard for me to believe that I was jamming with the same guy and Steven Tyler, Brad, Tom and Joey that I'd been listening to on record and in concert for years.

Aerosmith has always been one of my favorite bands. The feeling was incomparable! To answer the other half of your question, I don't think I've played with anyone who is as big a fan of mine as I am of Joe Perry yet. But it's cool to know that there are lots of fans out there who might like to jam with me!

I was wondering if you could give me a brief history on this guitar. I've heard from one source that it's a '59, and from another that it's a ' I've heard that it used to belong to Duane Allman and Joe Perry.

I've also heard that you plan on giving this guitar back to Joe Perry. Are any of these rumors true? Apparently it had been stolen from Joe Perry and sold a few times before someone called me and asked if I was interested in buying it. Once I found out it was the real thing, I bought it. Anyway, I kept it for a long time; but I knew that Joe really loved that guitar probably as much as I did. So I gave it to him for his birthday earlier this year. This next question comes from a frustrated fan, J.

Levi, in Spain. Next time: a question from a frustrated fan. You know right at the right kind of time. Please get in touch with webmaster snakepit. He asks, "Would you ever do an album like Carlos Santana did with guest singers on each song and you playing your Les Paul on each song? But it would have to be the right move at the right time. Let's take an interesting question from Daniel. Billy Sweeney asked this question, "Which of your songs do you consider to be the hardest to play?

That song is tricky and fast. Plus, it is the first song in the set which makes it twice as foreboding". Here's a brief question from the webmaster.

Did you know Joey? Would you comment on his contribution to music"? We hung out a few times, and he was always quiet and cool. What matters is how much fun you're having at the moment. Playing, touring, the music, the fans, etc. I think the solos on it were just incredible.

I didn't have anything to do with "Sentimental Movie". Axl and West Arkeen plus maybe Izzy recorded that one night when we were all hanging out at "Hell House".

That's a house we all used to squat at. I can't remember if I put a solo on it or not. But, no, Snakepit will never play that song. I don't even remember how it went it was so long ago. This one is from Daniel who asks, "How does it feel being such a large icon of rock"? It that is true, I feel pretty humble". Todd was thinking along those same lines, and here is his question.

It sounds like Axl singing, but the guitar doesn't sound like your style. I don't think it is the 'new' GNR, so could you tell me what's the deal with this song?

Thanks, man, you rock! I don't know who wrote that, but it is definitely old". I've noticed that you have a cool fast riff that you sometimes play in different solos. You played it in the guitar solo in Paris 93 in the beginning of the solo and in the solo in "Double Talkin' Jive" in Tokyo the times I've heard it anyway.

I have tried to find out how you play it but no luck so far. You must have thousands of riffs like this; but if you know which one I'm talking about, could you give me a hint? I am sure I probably play it a lot without realizing it, but then again, that's usually improv. Would it be wise to have one custom made at enormous cost? Or would I be better off having it re-strung"? So my best advice is, if you are left handed, and it has a single cutaway, don't re-string it. For a left hander, it would be a little awkward, but if it's not then use it as is.

Whatever you do, find what is more comfortable for you". This question is from Janet who asks, "When you are creating your fabulous music, which comes first - the lyrics, the melody or the instrumentals? Sometimes just music and melodies, sometimes lyrically, sometimes by mistake.

The end result is, more often than not, collaborative. Also, do you ever use your delay effect on any live solos? Also, I have a Boss delay for solos as well. Plus I switch between two Marshall heads, one for dirty and one for clean".

Paulo Jose asks, "How do I know if I'm better suited to be a lead or a rhythm guitar player"? But if an individual wants only to play rhythm, that's personal choice and maybe only learn rhythm.

But if an individual wants to play lead, it comes in handy to learn rhythm as well". This one comes from Antti in Finland who asks, "I just wanted to know, what is your favorite species of snakes?

But it would have to be the right people at the right time. So we'll see what happens". This one is also from Nick in Buffalo.

Do you practice every day? How long do you play for each day, and what do you usually do when you practice? Do you work on theoretical stuff such as scales and chords, or do you more or less just write new stuff and work out songs? Do you practice with a metronome?

Slash replies, "I don't really have a practice schedule at home. I just try to play as much as possible. I play more than I practice. I work on riffs and licks, song ideas or whatever interesting solo exercises come up with. It is usually different every day. I have a metronome, but I hardly use it. This question is from Simone in Italy, and several others submitted a similar one. Simone asks, "Hi there. Sometimes it makes the tension on the string and drum heads a little bit looser.

Mostly bands tune down to sound heavier. The lower the lowest note within reason , the heavier, e. Black Sabbath, Soundgarden, Metallica". Craig asks, "Besides other musicians is there anyone else that you looked up to during your childhood? Anyone that made an impression that perhaps helped you with your music abilities even though they didn't play any musical instruments?

SLASH replies, "Great movie directors who used great music for their films was and is a huge influence on me. This SLASH question is from Diana who asks, "One of the most memorable moments in rock videos was when you left the church in "November Rain" and played your brilliant guitar solo. I understand the actual photography was done from a helicopter. The results were spectacular, with many cuts of you from amazing angles.

What are your recollections from the making of that remarkable scene"? SLASH replies, "Diana, the most memorable moments during the shooting of "The Church" scene were the helicopter "dive bombing" toward me at full speed almost knocking me off my feet.

But the hard part was doing it take after take after take from all different angles. The propeller blades were so close I figured one more pass and "November Rain" would have been my last video. Thankfully, "no harm, no foul"! What I mean is: the one that sounds good, feels good, looks good, etc. Sometimes the right guitar can take a long time to find. Sometimes it's easy, but it's magic when it happens. Most important - be patient!

And have you ever thought of doing vocals on one song? Because I've heard you sing and I think you have a great voice. Because they are insanely passionate about their music! I don't have the personality for it. The guitar sound travels through the amp, then into the voicebox, then through a rubber tube into my mouth and is picked up by a vocal microphone, then the sound comes out direct via the PA. The question comes from Santiago in Argentina. It also happens that when I put the gain of my Marshall Valvestate VS 30R all the way up and put the volume at 4 or 5 of course the guitar is also at the max , it starts to make an increasing horrible and annoying feedback.

This feedback is like the sound when you point a voice mic at the speaker. I was wondering if you had any problems playing in your first years due to an instrument and if someone can improve his playing no matter what instrument he's got. Also, a hollow body always resonates with a high pitch feedback at such a gain level because it is hollow. The guitar resonates much more than a solid body. Also, the pickups could be wound single coil which causes high frequency as well.

You have to be patient and try different combinations of volume and amp distance, etc. Difficult but not impossible. I have a Duncan Pearly Gates in the bridge, but when I play stuff you wrote, I always keep it in the neck position. I assume for some solos you would switch to the bridge pickup, e.

Brownstone, for some more treble? Always experiment! I particularly like the orchestration. Did you have the horn and sax parts in mind when you wrote the song or add them in later? Who did the arrangements? They really make the song". Ray, I wrote the music for "Ain't Life Grand" on guitar and bass first. Then I had the idea for the horns afterward.

When we recorded it, I had Jack Douglas Producer bring in some great session guys to play the horn bits. The arrangements came naturally in my head, and the session guys interpreted Jack's and my direction and wrote them down and played them great". How many instruments can you play?

Was the banjo hard to learn? Can you play drums"? I cheated with the banjo and tuned it like a guitar to make it sound like I really knew what I was doing in one take".

The question comes from Simrin who asks, "SLASH, your guitar is tuned half a step down from "standard settings", in other words, it's tuned to sound 1 fret lower. How does this affect the bass and rhythm guitarists? Do they also have to tune their guitars down half a step so the music fits well, or do they just tune to the standard settings as normal? Wouldn't it be hard for the others if your guitar is tuned down half a step?

That's really the whole reason, but for rock and roll it sounds a little fatter, heavier. Sometimes it is work depending on the situation, but still, to be appreciated is worth the effort. What do you feel when you see the happiness in their eyes because they are meeting you? It's the people's positive reaction that makes everything magical. Do they act different? That is why touring is so much fun! If so, what came of that? Can you please tell me which side you play?

The lead guitar in stereo left, middle, right comes out the right headphone. I'm from Los Angeles and am currently playing lead in a metal band playing local venues, Whisky, Coconut Teaser, etc. My question is, I am currently in a disagreement with the band.

I want to incorporate a more melodic sound and get out of the rut of playing the same licks over an E5 for a hundred measures, but each time I venture out of the typical 'shred' I get called on it.

I am learning all these cool things in theory class and no one else gets it. What should I do? Don't listen to what everybody else says. Please tell me what guitar effect you used in this song. Thank you very much for your help.

The next question is from Greg who asks, "Other than your own albums, would you ever produce someone else's work? Have you ever been asked to do so? If I'm in England, I'm usually playing and touring". Tatiana in Brazil. She asks, "A friend of mine told me once that you and Richie Sambora have played together once, is that true!!?

It would have had to have been a long time ago. Have you ever played a Fender? What do you think of Fenders? I use Fenders in the studio on occasion. I think Fenders are looking and sounding hot, but I feel the most at home with a Les Paul. I know he used to have an 'old' Corvette, like a '' Does he still have it?

To open, with the transmission in Park or Neutral manual transmissions , release the latch located directly above the middle windshield area , push the brake pedal and hold the button located to the left of the steering column and the top opens.

To close, reverse the process. Additional reinforcement was added at the door openings and a triple-member was added to the seating area connecting the sides to the floor structure to provide enhanced rigidity.

A key component to reducing interior noise is a tempered glass wind deflector located between the seats that directs wind out and over the cabin. Seatbelt fasteners were also added to help keep seatbelts from flapping in the wind. The base cushion is firm and long for additional support, while bolster cutouts under the thighs optimize pedal operation. The upper side bolster is sculpted in the middle for easy shifting and steering, while the lower side bolster is designed wider and deeper to keep the driver squarely behind the wheel.

The net-style seats are made with a woven seat cloth center insert and feature an opening in the seatback so that the driver can feel a wind flow during top-down driving. A built-in seat heater is also available for those sundown rides. A lockable luggage box capable of storing a briefcase is standard. There is also sufficient luggage space in the trunk even though the top is stored in the trunk area when down. The trunk has up to 4.

Key features include a double-panel floor, a double front bulkhead and large-section doorsills. In addition, roof rails and side panels are laser-welded for a strong, accurate fit. The rear strut tower brace is bolted and welded in place, allowing use of the hatchback body design without sacrificing rear body rigidity.

Standard features on all models include the 3. The Z Coupe Track model comes with a close-ratio, 6-speed manual transmission, front and rear spoilers, RAYS super lightweight 5-spoke forged aluminum-alloy wheels, Brembo brakes and Vehicle Dynamic Control. Standard Z Roadster Enthusiast features include power seats, power-operated soft top, electrically operated storage cover, rear wind deflector, inch cast aluminum-alloy wheels, bi-xenon headlights, automatic climate control, a choice of 5-speed automatic or 6-speed manual transmission and more.

The Z Roadster Touring model features a Bose audio system with 6-disc CD changer and 7 speakers, leather-appointed seats and standard side-impact air bags. The dramatic Nissan Z sports car receives its first comprehensive updating since it was introduced three years ago. For , the Z is again available in Coupe and Roadster body styles and in an array of models — five for the Coupe, including a new Grand Touring model, and three for the Roadster including a new Grand Touring automatic transmission version.

We use cookies to provide you with an innovative and exciting website. Please allow the use of cookies by clicking the "Accept" button or simply continue browsing. Toggle Navigation Search Official U.

Nissan News Alerts. Select the category below that best describes your affiliation with Nissan: Select Overview At a Glance Photos [ 15 ]. Save Remove Download Share. Download 15 Photos. Nissan Technical Centre Europe showed what could be done with the GT-S unveiled at the Goodwood Festival of Speed, boasting a blower activated by a switch that raised power to bhp with lb ft torque, on an otherwise unmodified V6.

But it was never marketed. Double normal prices are already being asked for mint ultra-low-mileage examples, though. Check the oil level, because the bhp version of the V6 can be very thirsty and damage could occur if the level drops too low. Oil pressure should be at least 14psi at tickover.

Many engines have been chipped for more power. Adding a plenum spacer is also popular but a strut brace must be retained. Standard brakes are more than adequate; an upgrade suggests that car may have been thrashed.

Alloys corrode; optional six-spoke Rays are the most desirable. Test for worn synchros, between any or all gears, and for baulking particularly on pre cars. Bushes in curved lower links are prone to wear: bushes are inexpensive; fitting new arms is more costly.

Listen for knocking over bumps and inspect tyre wear. Rear driveshafts are prone to clicking; packing grease into splines will usually cure this. Worn droplinks from the anti-roll bar cause rattles, but are cheap to fix.

Inspect for bolster wear, and try all functions on electric seats. Confirm that VIN stickers on the doors and lids are matching. Check the electrics, from warning lights to aircon and ABS. The Z evokes its ancestors, with fun handling and effortless performance from the torquey V6.

Engines will do , miles without trouble given regular oil changes, but beware high oil thirst — especially on bhp unit. Mods and upgrades are common, either official Nismo or aftermarket; avoid cars that have been thrashed on tracks. A ticking sound from the engine, increasing when revved, denotes a worn fuel dampener there are two. Spares are common on eBay due to drivers unused to rear drive crashing the cars. Slave cylinder failure is common, especially on late HR cars, requiring transmission removal to replace.

A spongy pedal brake or clutch may just need a fluid change, or new master cylinders. The cars are very sensitive to tyre choice, so if brands other than the OE Bridgestone S02s are fitted, it may cause a loss of poise on the limit and even confuse the ABS and traction control. Also try the fuel filler and boot releases. End of year bhp HR engine, taller with bonnet bulge. I learnt that this was a top spec and one of just 72 in Ultra Yellow.

Then I test drove a Z locally. The silver was so boring, but I liked the car. A lot.

This can be a legal jury, a group of people who swear to determine the facts of a court case. A jury can also determine winners in competitions, such as art.

Many countries use juries as part of their legal system. In most countries that use juries, they are triers of fact, meaning juries determine the facts present in the case. Judges, on the other hand, are triers of law, meaning they determine the legal issues in the case. Legal Juries in the U. In the United States, a jury begins with a call for jury duty.

To be eligible for jury duty, one must be a legal citizen of the U. Most citizens are called for jury duty at least once in their lives. Jury duty is not optional. Jury selection eliminate s most potential jurors. Part of the reason is that most legal dispute s are settled without trials.

Jurors selected for trials are questioned by attorney s and approved or rejected. Potential jurors who have a conflict of interest in a case are not allowed to be on that cases jury. A conflict of interest is when a person has knowledge of the case, such as knowing one of the people involved, that may unfairly influence their fact-finding abilities.

In states that have the death penalty , such as Texas and South Dakota, jurors in death-penalty cases must be death-qualified. A death-qualified jury is not oppose d to the death penalty.

There are two major types of legal juries in the U. A grand jury is made up of between 12 and 23 people who decide if there is enough evidence to proceed with a full trial.

Grand juries do not decide guilt or innocence, just if there should be a trial at all. A grand jury is used in about half of the states in the U. A trial jury, also known as a petit jury , is the most familiar type of jury to most Americans. The U. Some other countries use juries less regularly. Most countries do not use juries at all. The number of jurors used in jury trials varies. In the U. In Brazil, its seven. In Norway, its Juries can decide the facts in criminal and civil cases.

Criminal case s are those where the government the state , county , or nation is prosecuting, or carrying out the legal action. Defendant s in criminal cases are accused of committing crimes not allowed by the government, such as murder or robbery.

Civil case s are those where one individual or organization is prosecuting another. Examples of civil cases a jury might hear are property and contract disputes. Civil cases usually involve money, while criminal cases can involve the possibility of imprison ment. After hearing evidence from the prosecution and the defense, juries decide the facts. They are sometimes given specific rules, called jury instructions , from the judge in the trial.

Jurors take notes during the trial, listen to jury instructions, then discuss the case with each other. These discussions are called jury deliberation s. Jury deliberations are led by the leader of the jury, called a jury foreman.

Juries return their verdict , or decision, to the judge. In some jurisdictions, the verdict must be unanimous , meaning all jurors must agree. In other jurisdictions, the verdict must simply reflect the majority. A jury that is unable to reach a verdict is called a hung jury.

At this point, the judge declares a mistrial. The case may or may not be retried. If a jury believes a law is unjust or unfair, it can reject that law. This controversial practice is called jury nullification. This happens rarely, and usually involves the jury allowing the accused person to be excused of the crime despite evidence of guilt. Juries that practice jury nullification believe rejecting the unfair law is more important than punishing the person who broke the unfair law.

Judges do not support jury nullification. Jurors can sometimes be expel led from juries for considering the law itself, instead of the facts of the specific case. In other countries, such as the United Kingdom, a similar situation exists. Its called jury equity and is tolerate d a little more than it is in the U. Legal Juries There are three major types of legal systems that use juries: common law , civil law , and religious law. There is wide variation within each type of legal system. Canada also uses a common law system, and uses juries for the most serious types of criminal trials, such as murder.

India uses a common law system, but outlawed the use of juries in all trials in Most countries use civil law, in which legal decisions are made based on a collected series of rules, not judges or court cases. Russia has a civil law system that rarely uses juries for either criminal or civil trials. Indonesia has a civil law system that never uses juries.

Few countries use religious law as a national legal system. It is most common in the Middle East , where countries look to the holy book of Islam , the Quran , for guidance. This law, called Shariah and fiqh , allows for juries. Iran uses juries for some criminal cases.

Other Types of Juries Less formal juries exist all over the world. These juries are often used for judging good s and services. Local groups can select juries to judge the quality of local services, such as auto repair or hairdressing.

They may keep a copy of the indictment, the exhibits and their notes. Jurors may send out notes asking for the law to be further explained or for the judge to remind them of the details of the evidence.

In reaching its verdict in a criminal trial , the jury must be satisfied that the person is guilty beyond reasonable doubt. Beyond reasonable doubt means that if there are two reasons given in the case and both are possible explanations for what happened, taken together with the evidence presented, the jury should give the person the benefit of the doubt and decide on a verdict of not guilty.

If the case is a civil one, the jury must be satisfied with its verdict on the balance of probabilities. It is not necessary that a jury be unanimous in its verdict. In a criminal case, a verdict need not be unanimous where there are not fewer than 11 jurors if 10 of them agree on a verdict after considering the case for a reasonable time not less than two hours.

In a civil trial, a verdict may be reached by a majority of 9 of the 12 members. When the jury has reached its decision, it will return to the court and the verdict will be read out by the foreman or forewoman.

The jury has no role in sentencing. This decision is left up to the judge following submissions made by both sides. Under current public health restrictions , court business has been reduced. You can access the latest announcements on court sittings on the Courts Service website.

If you have a question about this topic you can contact the Citizens Information Phone Service on 07 Monday to Friday, 9am to 8pm. You can also contact your local Citizens Information Centre or Request a call back from an information officer. Information The jury fulfils a very important function in the legal system. The verdict At the conclusion of the trial, the jurors are given an issue paper, which states the issues that the jury must consider in reaching its verdict.

Rules Jurors must: Decide the facts of the case only. Remain impartial and independent. Remain uninfluenced by any person. It is an offence for any person who is not a member of the jury to attempt to influence a juror in any way. Keep statements made in the jury room confidential. Jurors should not discuss the case with any person other than members of the jury. Page edited: 10 May

Our specialists played a leading role in the development and testing of tPA, the first FDA-approved treatment for stroke caused by a blood clot. Click below to learn more about where you can find compassionate care.

From pioneering new procedures to helping write national treatment guidelines, our physicians are known around the world for their innovation and research in this subspecialty. A tPA is a clot-busting drug that is given to stroke patients at a hospital under the direction of a stroke physician.

It is a very powerful treatment that restores blood flow to the brain by breaking up a blood clot, making the patient better. There are two types of strokes—a stroke caused by a blockage and a stroke caused by bleeding. Blockages occur when an artery is blocked and the brain starts to die because of a lack of oxygen.

A bleeding-type stroke is when a blood vessel has broken open inside the brain. A tPA would only be given to a patient with a blockage-type stroke because it would be very dangerous to give it to a patient that is already bleeding. In order to determine the type of stroke the patient is experiencing, a CT scan would be performed prior to treatment. A tPA is administered through an IV with treatment lasting about one hour.

A tPA can potentially cause bleeding issues, but your physician will assess those risks before treatment. When someone is having a stroke, it is OK to talk to them in a calm voice, even if they are unconscious and cannot speak. Thrombolytic therapy is the use of drugs to break up or dissolve blood clots, which are the main cause of both heart attacks and stroke.

Thrombolytic medicines are approved for the emergency treatment of stroke and heart attack. The most commonly used drug for thrombolytic therapy is tissue plasminogen activator tPA , but other drugs can do the same thing.

Ideally, you should receive thrombolytic medicines within the first 30 minutes after arriving at the hospital for treatment. A blood clot can block the arteries to the heart. This can cause a heart attack, when part of the heart muscle dies due to a lack of oxygen being delivered by the blood. Thrombolytics work by dissolving a major clot quickly.

This helps restart blood flow to the heart and helps prevent damage to the heart muscle. Thrombolytics can stop a heart attack that would otherwise be larger or potentially deadly. Outcomes are better if you receive a thrombolytic drug within 12 hours after the heart attack starts. But the sooner treatment begins, the better the results.

The drug restores some blood flow to the heart in most people. However, the blood flow may not be completely normal and there may still be a small amount of muscle damaged. If you or your family member has suffered a stroke within the last four hours, you may be offered a treatment called TPA recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.

This clot buster is used to break-up the clot that is causing a blockage or disruption in the flow of blood to the brain and helps restore the blood flow to the area of the brain. It is given by intravenous IV , not by mouth. In order to determine whether you or your family member can be offered TPA, a CAT scan an x-ray of the brain will be done as quickly as possible.

This is to find out if the stroke is the type that might be helped by TPA. If bleeding into the brain has caused the stroke, TPA can increase the bleeding into the brain. If this is the case, you will not be able to receive TPA. A blood test will also be taken to check that you do not have a bleeding condition. If the CAT scan shows no bleeding in the brain then we can use the clot-dissolving drug TPA as long as certain conditions are met. The doctor will go over this with you.

Treatment with TPA results in 1 out of every 10 patients treated being cured.

The truth of the end of suffering nirhodha. More information about Chinese Festival is also available in our website. China Highlights are your China travel expert. We can help you design to trip to Tibet to experience this festival. See the following popular Tibet tours for inspiration:. You can also contact us to create a Tibet tour for you.

China Highlights uses cookies to give you the best possible service. If you continue browsing, you agree to the use of cookies. More details can be found in our privacy policy. Now this, oh Bhikkus, is the noble truth concerning the origin of suffering. Now this, oh Bhikkus, is the noble truth concerning the destruction of suffering. Verily, it is the destruction, in which no passion remains, of this very thirst; the laying aside of, the getting rid of, the being free from, the harboring no longer of this thirst.

Now this, oh Bhikkus, is the noble truth concerning the way which leads to the destruction of sorrow. That this was the noble truth concerning sorrow, was not, oh Bhikkus, among the doctrines handed down, but there arose within me the eye to perceive it, there arose the knowledge of its nature, there arose the understanding of its cause, there arose the wisdom to guide in the path of tranquillity, there arose the light to dispel darkness from it.

That I had become versed in the way which leads to the destruction of sorrow, though the noble truth concerning it was not among the doctrines handed down, there arose within me the eye, there arose the knowledge, there arose the understanding, there arose the wisdom, there arose the light.

What are the two? There is devotion to the indulgence of sense-pleasures, which is low, common, the way of ordinary people, unworthy and unprofitable; and there is devotion to self-mortification, which is painful, unworthy and unprofitable.

It is simply the Noble Eightfold Path, namely, right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration. This is the Middle Path realized by the Tathagata, which gives vision, which gives knowledge, and which leads to calm, to insight, to enlightenment, to Nirvana. They misperceive permanence, they misperceive the nature of substance or self and they misperceive the nature of suffering.

This is the second Truth. That there is a way to cease this suffering is the Third Truth. The path to end suffering is contained in the Fourth Truth and termed the Eightfold Path: right view, right resolve, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right meditation.

Though, PEX pipe are still acceptable in many countries, as it promises the long lasting features that help people save their money and time. PEX vs Copper - Comparing plumbing pipes. Generally there are two different types of plastic pipes — PEX Cross-linked Polyethylene PB Polybutylene Both of these pipes have many differences that make both of them, exceptional and one of their own kind.

Add to Cart. Add to Wish List. Due to the low cost of the material and ease of installation, polybutylene piping systems were viewed as "the pipe of the future" and were used as a substitute for traditional copper piping. Gray is polybutylene. PEX is either milky, or red. Church, executive director of the Plastic Pipe and Fittings Association. Uponor Wirsbo said its PEX pipe was introduced in California in and that the product helps solve problems in areas with aggressive soil conditions that copper pipe cannot solve.

Currently, insurance companies are refusing to insure houses with polybutylene pipes. The reason for this is simple. Many homes have replaced their polybutylene piping with PEX piping. Homes still having polybutylene pipes are at risk of property damage. This adds additional time and cost to the plumbing installation, as well as a greater opportunity for leaks.

The inner pipe for drinking water is made of a plastic called cross-linked polyethylene PEX. There are no health risks associated with drinking water from PEX pipes. A few types of PEX -pipe may cause prolonged undesirable taste and odour if the water remains in pipes over time. When a connection to copper or other metal pipes is required, PEX works better than PVC because crosslinked polyethylene won't corrode. However, balance this factor against the lower labor cost to install PEX. While the crosslinking process does provide PEX slightly higher chlorine resistance than polybutylene due to a reduction in the number of vulnerable chemical bonds, a wide array of chlorine-induced failures of PEX piping have been documented throughout the United States over the last decade.

Hot water PEX piping shows chlorine degradation just two years after installation. In addition to concerns with chlorine-induced degradation, the polymer structure of PEX makes it vulnerable to other concerns, including water quality , permeation and biofilm growth potentia l.

Another polyolefin plastic material that has been used in domestic plumbing systems is polypropylene. It shares many of the same issues common to polyolefin materials while also introducing some new challenges. Like PEX and polybutylene, it is not resistant to chlorine degradation. In fact, it can erode in hot chlorinated water systems, causing pieces of material to flake off and clog fixtures and appliances.

Polypropylene is not as ductile as other polyolefin plastics, meaning that it cannot readily be expanded or crimped like the other polyolefin materials.

Due to this limitation a heat fusion technique is necessary to join polypropylene pipes. This method can be especially difficult in tight spaces and requires welding, which introduces a burn hazard and adds time to the installation process. Straight lengths of Hep 2 O Standard and Barrier pipe are supplied in 3m lengths in 15mm, 22mm and 28mm diameters. Straight pipe is just as flexible as coiled pipe and is primarily intended for exposed pipework where neatness is vital or where only a short length of pipe is required.

Polybutylene, in comparison, is cured on massive drums, and the plastic memory means that when you uncoil it is lays flatter, as seen in the image below. Hep 2 O pipe is all PB.

Web Open Font Format is an open format for using fonts on the Web. Until now, downloadable fonts have not been common on the Web due to the lack of an interoperable font format. So there is graceful fallback. Over time, other browsers will support WOFF as well several are in process of adding support, or have stated they will add it and your style sheets will continue to work as that support grows. Benefits of WOFF are: 1. Improves availability of fonts to site designers: Many font vendors that are unwilling to license their TrueType or OpenType format fonts for use on the web will license WOFF format fonts.

Universal format for web : Both proprietary and free-software browser vendors like the WOFF format, so it has the potential of becoming a truly universal, interoperable font format for the web, unlike other current font formats. Share this Post. What is Facebook Pixel August 11, All rights reserved. However, not allowing some services may impact your experience and the services we are able to offer. What's the difference? Share this article. The fonts with a. Fonts with the. A bit more details for the more curious readers: TTF was created by Apple and Microsoft in the s and currently is the most famous font file.

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How to Remove a Logo Background in Keynote. Boris Hristov. Prev Next. Privacy Preferences I Agree. OpenType is a cross-platform font file format developed jointly by Adobe and Microsoft.

The two main benefits of the OpenType format are its cross-platform compatibility, which can be used on both Macintosh and Windows platforms without conversion, and its ability to support widely expanded character sets up to over 65, glyphs per font and layout features, which provide richer linguistic support and advanced typographic control.

This additional space provides type designers with the freedom to include add-ons such as small caps, old style figures, alternate characters and other extras that previously needed to be distributed as separate fonts.

Of course, the font designer actually has to include these characters, but as a general rule, most OpenType fonts will include more language-specific glyphs than TrueType or, especially, PostScript Type 1 fonts.

So, this is more likely to be a "better" font, as it supports more advanced typesetting features smallcaps, alternates, ligatures and so on actually inside the font rather than in fiddly separate expert set fonts. Because of wide availability and typographic flexibility , including provisions for handling the diverse behaviours of all the world's writing systems, OpenType fonts are used commonly today on the major computer platforms.

True Type Font was a joint effort by Apple and Microsoft in the early s, several years after the release of the PostScript font format. Each company has made independent extensions to TrueType, which is used in both Windows and Macintosh Operating Systems.

It has long been the most common format for fonts on Mac and Windows operating systems. Moreover, almost all major browsers have supported it. Like Type 1, the TrueType format is available for development of new fonts.

Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. I'm wondering about the downsides of each servers in respect to a production environment. Did anyone have big problems with one of the features? Performance, etc.

I also quickly took a look at the new Glassfish, does it match up the simple servlet containers it seems to have a good management interface at least? I love Jetty for its low maintenance cost. It's just unpack and it's ready to roll. Tomcat is a bit high maintenance, requires more configuration and it's heavier. Besides, Jetty's continuations are very cool.

See comments. I haven't verified that. I think tomcat is more disscussed and supported by application, Jetty is portable and can be embedded in an application. I like how Jetty can be embedded in an application so that it doesn't need to run in a web container Hudson and Nexus are two apps that can run in this mode. Can Tomcat do this? Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group.

Create a free Team What is Teams? Collectives on Stack Overflow. Learn more. Asked 12 years, 11 months ago. Active 4 years, 3 months ago. Decisions about Jetty and Apache Tomcat. Shared insights. I have utilized the power of ansible for all these tasks, which made it easy and manageable. Get Advice from developers at your company using Private StackShare. Sign up for Private StackShare. Pros of Jetty. Pros of Apache Tomcat. Pros of Jetty Pros of Apache Tomcat Sign up to add or upvote pros Make informed product decisions.

Cons of Jetty. Cons of Apache Tomcat. Cons of Jetty 0. Cons of Apache Tomcat Be the first to leave a con. Sign up to add or upvote cons Make informed product decisions. What is Jetty? What is Apache Tomcat? Both make Jetty a great fit for constrained environments and for embedding in other products.

As such, GlassFish is more heavyweight than either Tomcat or Jetty—and, arguably, a bit more difficult to operate. The downside of GlassFish is its lack of commercial support. Yes, this article is about free and open-source application servers, but this is still an important point. As your project grows and becomes financially successful, you might be willing to pay to get long-term support, security updates, customer support, etc.

Consider what your future needs might look like, at the very least. WildFly , formerly known as JBoss Application Server and developed by Red Hat, is another fully featured and certified application server. Red Hat is also one of the most respected software vendors out there.

To be honest, the answer will vary from project to project. That being said, I still want to lay down a general framework that will help you choose. If your organization already uses a specific application server in other projects, then your best bet would be to stick with that, if possible.

Standardization is always a good idea. In addition, the ability to go over to another team and ask for help is invaluable. For example: if all you need is JPA implementation, then importing EclipseLink into your project will do and you can happily proceed with Tomcat. Most importantly, if your organization already uses a specific application server in other projects, then simply follow suit.

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